MIGRATION, EMIGRATION AND TOURISM – EFFECTS OF MIGRATION AND EMIGRATION AT TOURISTIC VILLAGES IN DISTRICT OF KORÇA
ESMERALDA SHKIRA
VJOLLCA BAKIU
Abstract
Migration have attached many countries in the world,even the third world countries. This has happened even in Albania from years 1990.Remittances from internal migration and emigration are very important to Albania’s economy in general as well as to individual households. According to estimates provided by the Bank of Albania,remittances currently account for a significant percentage of Albania’s GDP. Conditions in Albania and in Europe may be producing emigrations rate that exceed those of previous periods. There are several dimensions to migratory patterns-Rural to city, geographic direction and foreign versus domestic. Within each of these dimensions are some generally consistent patterns of migration.
Migration and emigration reflects their effects even in tourism sector. This effects are more touchable in many touristic villages in Albania and district of Korça is one of them.
Key words
migration, emigration, remittances
References
Adams, R.H. and J. Page, 2003, International Migration, Remittances and Poverty in Developing - Countries, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3179, Washington, DC: World Bank;
Arrehag, L., Ö. Sjöberg and M. Sjöblom, 2004, “Post-communist cross-border migration in southeastern Albania: who leaves, who doesn’t?”, paper prepared for New Perspectives on Albanian - Migration and Development, Korçë, Albania, 16-17 September 2004;
Arrehag, L. and M. Sjöblom, 2004, “Leave to live – a study of the impact of migration and remittances in the Korçë district from a source country perspective”, Stockholm: Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, unpublished report;
Bank of Albania, 2003, Annual report 2002, Tirana: Banka e Shqipërisë [available online http://www.bankofalbania.org/, accessed 5 April 2004];
Bank of Albania, 2004, Raporti vjetor 2003, Tirana: Banka e Shqipërisë [available online http://www.bankofalbania.org/, accessed 9 September 2004];
Barjaba, K. 2003, Shqiptarët këta ikës të mëdhenj. Ese dhe shkrime për emigrimin, Tirana: Korbi;
Bonifazi, C. and D. Sabatino, 2003, “Albanian migration to Italy: what official data and survey results can reveal”, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 29(6), 967-995;
Carletto, C., B. Davis, M. Stampini, S. Trento and A. Zezza, 2004, Internal Mobility and International Migration in Albania, ESA Working Paper 04-13, Rome: Agriculture and Development Economics Division, FAO;
Albanian Centre for Economic Research 2002. Common Country Assessment: Albania. Tirana: Albanian Centre for Economic Research/United Nations System in Albania;
Armillotta, G. 2001. The Arberesh: The Christian Albanian Emigration to Italy, L’Osservatore Romano, 20 June 2001;
Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 2003. Country Brief – Albania, http://www.dfat.gov.au/geo/albania/country_brief.html, visited 23 December 2003;
Balbo, L. and L. Manconi 1992. I Razzismi Reali. Milan: Feltrinelli;
Barjaba, K. 2000. ‘Contemporary Patterns in Albanian Migration’, South-East Europe Review, 3(2): 57–64;
Blumi, I. 2003. ‘Defining Social Spaces by Way of Deletion: The Untold Story of Albanian Migration in the Postwar Period’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 29(6): 949-965;
Bonifazi, C. and D. Sabatino 2003. ‘Albanian Migration to Italy: What Official Data and Survey Results Can Reveal’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 29(6): 967–995.
Borchert, J.G. 1975. ‘Economic Development and Population Distribution in Albania’ Geoforum, 6(3-4): 177-186;
Carchedi, F. and G. Gesano 2001. Sintesi dei risultati delle indagini locali, in Carchedi, F. (ed.) L’Immigrazione Straniera nelle Regioni Adriatiche: La Ricerca. Teramo: Inte.Mi.Gra. Project Report, 35–53;
De Soto, H., P. Gordon, I. Gedeshi and Z. Sinoimeri 2002. Poverty in Albania. A Qualitative Assessment. Washington DC: World Bank Technical Paper 520;
Derhemi, E. 2003. ‘New Albanian Immigrants in the Old Albanian Diaspora: Piana degli Albanesi’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 29(6): 1015-1032;
Droukas, E. 1998. ‘Albanians in the Greek Informal Economy’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 24(2): 347–365;
Durham, M.E. 1928. Some Tribal Origins, Laws and Customs of the Balkans. London: Allen and Unwin;
European Commission 2002. Mission Report: Workshop on the Migration and Development - Nexus, Copenhagen 15-16 April 2002. Brussels: European Commission;
Fakiolas, R. 2000 ‘Migration and Unregistered Labour in the Greek Economy’, in King, R., G.;
Lazaridis and C. Tsardanidis (eds) Eldorado or Fortress? Migration in Southern Europe. London: Macmillan, 57–78;
2003. ‘Regularising the Undocumented Migrants in Greece: Procedures and Effects’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 29(3): 535-561.
Fakiolas, R. and R. King 1996. ‘Emigration, Return, Immigration: A Review and Evaluation of Greece’s Postwar Experience of International Migration’, International Journal of Population Geography, 2(2): 171–190;
Poorest Country: Albania 1950-90’, Population and Development Review, 23(3): 585-609;
Hall, D. 1994. Albania and the Albanians. London: Pinter Reference. -1996a ‘Rural Change and Migration in Albania’, GeoJournal, 38(2): 185–189. - 1996b ‘Recent Developments in Greek-Albanian Relations’, in Gillespie, R. (ed.), Mediterranean Politics, Vol. 2. London: Pinter, 82–104.
Hatziprokopiou, P.A. 2003. ‘Albanian Immigrants in Thessaloniki, Greece: Processes of Economic and Social Incorporation’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 29(6): 1033-1057;
INSTAT 2001. Social Indicators Yearbook 2001. Tirana: Instituti i Statistik
Full Text: PDF (English)